Which pathology is characteristic of asthma quizlet

The pathophysiology of asthma is complex and involves airway inflammation, intermittent airflow obstruction, and bronchial hyperresponsiveness.

Which pathology is characteristic of asthma?

The pathophysiology of asthma is complex and involves airway inflammation, intermittent airflow obstruction, and bronchial hyperresponsiveness.

Which pulmonary function test result is consistent with a diagnosis of asthma?

Spirometry. This is the recommended test to confirm asthma. During this test, you breathe into a mouthpiece that’s connected to a device, called a spirometer, or to a laptop. It measures the amount of air you’re able to breathe in and out and its rate of flow.

Which of the following is a potentially fatal complication of cystic fibrosis?

CF is a genetic disease that mainly affects the lungs and digestive system, but it can result in fatal complications such as liver disease and diabetes.

Which condition is characterized by a hot potato voice and drooling?

Peritonsillar abscess is the most common deep infection of the head and neck, occurring primarily in young adults. Diagnosis is usually made on the basis of clinical presentation and examination. Symptoms and findings generally include fever, sore throat, dysphagia, trismus, and a “hot potato” voice.

What is asthma and its pathophysiology?

Asthma is a common chronic disorder of the airways that involves a complex interaction of airflow obstruction, bronchial hyperresponsiveness and an underlying inflammation. This interaction can be highly variable among patients and within patients over time.

Is asthma a pathology?

Asthma is a serious health and socioeconomic issue all over the world, affecting more than 300 million individuals. The disease is considered as an inflammatory disease in the airway, leading to airway hyperresponsiveness, obstruction, mucus hyper-production and airway wall remodeling.

What body systems does cystic fibrosis affect?

Cystic fibrosis affects various organ systems in children and young adults, including the respiratory system, digestive system and reproductive system. Due to improved treatments, people with cystic fibrosis, on average, live into their mid to late 30s.

What are the main causes of cystic fibrosis?

Cystic Fibrosis Causes Cystic fibrosis is caused by a change, or mutation, in a gene called CFTR (cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator). This gene controls the flow of salt and fluids in and out of your cells. If the CFTR gene doesn’t work the way it should, a sticky mucus builds up in your body.

How does mutation cause cystic fibrosis?

Summary. Cystic fibrosis is caused by mutations in the gene that produces the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. In people with CF, mutations in the CFTR gene can disrupt the normal production or functioning of the CFTR protein found in the cells of the lungs and other parts of the body …

Article first time published on

What tests are done to diagnose asthma?

The two most common lung function tests used to diagnose asthma are spirometry, exhaled nitric oxide and challenge tests. Spirometry — This is a simple breathing test that measures how much and how fast you can blow air out of your lungs.

Can CT scan detect asthma?

A chest CT scan is currently the gold standard to make a diagnosis of asthma, as well as to look for any complications. If you have chronic asthma symptoms or if your symptoms keep recurring, this scan can help doctors pinpoint a diagnosis.

What can a pulmonologist do for asthma?

Your doctor may refer you to a pulmonologist if your asthma symptoms have a more severe cause. A pulmonologist specializes in diseases that affect your lungs, upper airways, thoracic cavity, and chest wall. They have special training with prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of lung and respiratory illnesses.

Do tonsil stones hurt?

Tonsil stones can cause bad breath though they’re usually not painful or harmful. They’re also called tonsilliths. You can usually treat tonsil stones at home. But in some cases, you may need surgery to remove the tonsils.

What is the pathophysiology of tonsillitis?

Tonsillitis develops when the pathogen, viral or bacterial, infects the tonsils and elicits an inflammatory response. It develops when the viruses infiltrate the tonsils and cause an inflammatory response of up-regulated cytokines.

Can your tonsil burst?

The abscess causes one or both tonsils to swell. The infection and swelling may spread to nearby tissues. If tissues swell enough to block the throat, the condition can become life-threatening. It is also dangerous if the abscess bursts and the infection spreads or is breathed into the lungs.

How is asthma categorized describe the characteristics of each classification?

How is Asthma Classified? Asthma is classified into four categories based upon frequency of symptoms and objective measures, such as peak flow measurements and/or spirometry results. These categories are: mild intermittent; mild persistent; moderate persistent; and severe persistent.

What organelle is affected by cystic fibrosis?

In most kids with cystic fibrosis, says Balch, the CFTR protein gets stuck inside the cells in a cell organelle known as the endoplasmic reticulum—a convoluted membranous sac within the cell where the synthesis of proteins like CFTR and other vital cell functions take place.

What chromosome is cystic fibrosis on?

CF is caused by pathogenic mutations in a single large gene on chromosome 7 that encodes the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein [4-9].

How is cystic fibrosis diagnosed?

The sweat test is the standard test for diagnosing cystic fibrosis. It may be used if you have symptoms that may indicate cystic fibrosis, or to confirm a positive diagnosis from a screening of your newborn baby. A normal sweat chloride test alone does not mean you do not have cystic fibrosis.

What cystic fibrosis means?

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an inherited disorder that causes severe damage to the lungs, digestive system and other organs in the body. Cystic fibrosis affects the cells that produce mucus, sweat and digestive juices. These secreted fluids are normally thin and slippery.

How does cystic fibrosis affect the circulatory system?

Available evidence indicates that cystic fibrosis causes widespread involvement of the cardiovascular system. Aside from the heart, unusual aberrations have been observed in the bronchial arteries, the aorta, and the systemic capillaries. Of all cardiovascular complications, cor pulmonale is the most serious.

What type of genetic mutation is cystic fibrosis?

The most common CF mutation, F508del, is primarily considered to be a processing mutation. The F508del mutation removes a single amino acid from the CFTR protein.

What are the most common mutations that cause cystic fibrosis?

The deletion of the phenylalanine 508 (ΔF508-CFTR) is the most common mutation among cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. The mutant channels present a severe trafficking defect, and the few channels that reach the plasma membrane are functionally impaired.

What happens to DNA when you have cystic fibrosis?

The most common genetic abnormality causing cystic fibrosis involves the deletion of just three DNA bases (a codon?) from the CFTR gene. Cystic fibrosis is a recessive genetic disease?, which means that both copies of a person’s CFTR gene must contain the mutation? for cystic fibrosis to occur.

What assessments should be performed for a patient with asthma?

Assess the patient’s respiratory status by monitoring the severity of the symptoms.
Assess for breath sounds.
Assess the patient’s peak flow.
Assess the level of oxygen saturation through the pulse oximeter.
Monitor the patient’s vital signs.

What is the medical management of asthma?

Quick-relief inhalers (bronchodilators) quickly open swollen airways that are limiting breathing. In some cases, allergy medications are necessary. Long-term asthma control medications, generally taken daily, are the cornerstone of asthma treatment.

What is the management of asthma?

Patients with persistent asthma require medications that provide long-term control of their disease and medications that provide quick relief of symptoms. Medications for long-term control of asthma include inhaled corticosteroids, cromolyn, nedocromil, leukotriene modifiers and long-acting bronchodilators.

Can a blood test detect asthma?

A blood test, sputum test, and bronchial biopsy can be used to measure your level of eosinophils, a type of white blood cell that can cause asthma.

Does asthma show on xray?

It can be very difficult to diagnose asthma. A chest X-ray typically won’t show if a person has asthma, but can tell if something else (such as pneumonia or a foreign body in the airway) could be causing symptoms similar to asthma. Asthma is often diagnosed based on a person’s history and physical exam.